交通部监理工程师考试书(交通部监理工程师考试科目及分数)

　　本周热词：

　　1. 九寨沟7级地震

　　2. 欧洲“毒鸡蛋”丑闻

　　3. 北京拟推出共有产权住房

　　4. 共享汽车指导意见出台

　　5. 共享单车指导意见出台

　　6. “出国游学”热

　　热词

　　1

　　九寨沟地震

　　Jiuzhaigou earthquake

（图片来源：新华网）

　　A 7.0-magnitude earthquake jolted Jiuzhaigou County in southwest China's Sichuan Province at 9:19 p.m. Tuesday (Beijing Time), and the epicenter was monitored at 33.2 degrees north latitude and 103.82 degrees east longitude. The quake struck at a depth of 20 km, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).

　　据中国地震台网中心测定，北京时间8月8日晚9时19分，四川省九寨沟县发生里氏7.0级地震，震中位于北纬33.2°，东经103.82°，震源深度20公里。

　　As of 12 a.m. Thursday, the death toll rose to 20 with 431 injured, including 18 critically injured.

　　截至8月10日12时，地震已致20人死亡，431人受伤，其中重伤18人。

　　Jiuzhaigou, or Jiuzhai Valley, a national park in the epicenter of Zhangzha town, Jiuzhaigou County, is known for spectacular waterfalls and karst formations. More than 34,000 people visited the tourist attraction on Tuesday.

　　位于震中九寨沟县漳扎镇的九寨沟景区是一座国家级公园，以壮观瀑布和喀斯特地貌而闻名。地震当天有逾3.4万名游客到访该旅游胜地。

　　As of 1 p.m. Thursday, about 13,000 vehicles and 71,000 people stranded had been successfully evacuated with the help of 3,675 police. Power, communication and water supply in the county seat have basically recovered.

　　截至8月10日13时，在3675名警员的通力合作下，顺利转移疏散滞留车辆1.3万辆，转移游客、务工人员约7.1万人。县城的电力、通信和供水已基本恢复。

　　The quake was felt in the provincial capital Chengdu about 300 km south of the epicenter, and other regions in the neighboring provinces of Gansu and Shaanxi.

　　位于震中南部约300公里的省会成都以及甘肃、陕西等相邻省份的其他地区均有震感。

　　Vocabulary:

　　magnitude 震级

　　jolt n.颠簸，摇晃 v.（使）摇动，使震惊，颠簸而行

　　China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC)中国地震台网中心

　　latitude 纬度

　　longitude 经度

　　epicenter 震中，中心，焦点

　　karst formations 喀斯特地貌特征

　　death toll（事故、战争等的）死亡总数，死亡人数

　　be relocated to 重新安置，搬迁

　　water supply 供水

　　county seat 县（郡）政府所在地

　　provincial capital 省会

　　Shaanxi 陕西省

　　Shanxi 山西省

　　（英文来源：新华网，中新网）

　　热词

　　2

　　欧洲“毒鸡蛋”丑闻

　　European contaminated eggs scandal

　　The insecticide scandal became public on 1 August when it was revealed that tests of Dutch eggs had found that fipronil, a toxic anti-lice agent, banned from use in animals intended for human consumption, had found its way into the food chain.

　　8月1日，一则杀虫剂丑闻遭到曝光，当日对荷兰鸡蛋的检测结果显示其中含有一种有毒抗虱剂——氟虫腈，而这种杀虫剂被明令禁止用于供人食用的动物中，目前氟虫腈已流入食物链。

　　The contaminated eggs were exported from the Netherlands which is Europe's largest exporter of eggs and egg products.

　　这批“毒鸡蛋”经由荷兰出口，而荷兰是欧洲最大的鸡蛋和蛋制品出口国。

　　The European Union on Monday alerted the food safety authorities in Britain, France, Sweden and Switzerland as a precautionin these four countries, while Belgian and Dutch authorities investigate how the insecticide came illegally into contact with poultry.

　　8月7日，欧盟对英国、法国、瑞典、瑞士这4个国家的食品安全部门发布预警称，“毒鸡蛋”已经扩散至这些国家，比利时和荷兰当局也正在彻查该杀虫剂是如何通过非法途径进入禽类的。

　　Millions of eggs were removed from shelves in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Switzerland, and nearly 180 farms were temporarily closed down inthe Netherlands.

　　荷兰、比利时、德国和瑞典下架了数百万只鸡蛋，而荷兰也暂时关闭了近180家农场。

　　Vocabulary:

　　become public 公之于众；曝光

　　contaminated 被污染的，弄脏的

　　fipronil 氟虫腈

　　be banned from 被禁止…

　　precaution 预警

　　come into contact with 接触到；联系；开始做某事

　　be removed from shelves 下架

　　closed down （工厂、企业等）停业；（电台）停止播放；（雾等）笼罩

　　（英文来源：BBC News, The Guardian, 新华网）

　　热词

　　3

　　共有产权住房

　　homes with joint property rights

　　In a new measure to stabilize the housing market, Beijing is planning to introduce homes with joint property rights shared between the government and buyers.

　　日前，北京推行了一项稳定住房市场的新举措，拟推出政府和购房者共有产权的住房。

　　The policy has several restrictions. Buyers and their families cannot already own homes in their name. Single people making purchases must be at least 30 years old. And a family can only apply for one home.

　　该政策包括多项限制条件：家庭成员名下均无住房；单身人士申购需年满30岁；一个家庭只能申购一套。

　　“The new housing policy clearly targets households that have difficulties in purchasing a home,” said Liu Weimin, researcher with the State Council development research center.

　　“新的购房政策主要针对买房有困难的家庭，”国务院发展研究中心研究工作者刘为民说。

　　Five years after purchase, owners can sell their shares based on the market price, but the government or its assigned management agencies have first-refusal to buy back.

　　已购共有产权住房满5年的，购房人可按市场价格转让所购房屋产权份额，但政府和代持机构则享有优先回购权。

　　Liu Weimin said the policy was key to Beijing’s plan to create a world-class, harmonious and livable metropolis, as it stipulated that at least 30 percent of the homes would be offered to “new Beijingers,” referring to people without a Beijing Hukou but with stable jobs in Beijing.

　　刘为民表示，该政策规定分配给“新北京人”（在北京有稳定工作的非本市户籍人口）的共有产权住房将不少于30%，对于实现将北京建设成为国际一流的和谐宜居之都的发展计划至关重要。

　　Vocabulary:

　　property right 产权

　　have difficulties in 在某方面有困难

　　State Council 国务院

　　speculation 投机；推测；思索；投机买卖

　　based on 以…为基础；基于；按照

　　first-refusal 优先取舍权；优先取决运务

　　livable 适于居住的；生活过得有价值的

　　stipulated 规定；保证

　　（英文来源：新华网）

　　热词

　　4

　　共享汽车指导意见

　　guideline for car-sharing industry

　　China issued an official guideline on Tuesday aimed at boosting the development of its car-sharing industry.

　　8月8日，中国出台官方指导意见，旨在促进共享汽车行业蓬勃发展。

　　Car-sharing services improve user experience and offer an alternative for urban commuting, easing growing demand for private cars and parking space, according to guidelines released jointly by the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.

　　交通运输部、住房城乡建设部联合发布的指导意见称，共享汽车服务改善了用户体验，为城市出行提供了一种新的选择，缓解了不断增长的私家车和停车位需求。

　　Car-sharing firms should improve their services by checking the identity of users carefully and optimizing the supply of cars by using big data analysis, according to the guidelines.

　　意见指出，共享汽车公司应仔细查验用户身份，并通过大数据分析优化汽车供应，改善服务质量。

　　Companies are encouraged to use a credit-based model to evaluate the reliability of users instead of requiring them to pay guarantee deposits.

　　鼓励公司采用信用模式评估用户可信度，而非直接收取押金。

　　In terms of parking, public parking lots in shopping centers and large residential areas are encouraged to offer space for shared-cars, while incentives will also likely be given to such cars for on-street parking.

　　在停车方面，鼓励城市商业中心和大型居民区的公共停车场为共享汽车停放提供便利，同时还可给予城市路内停车优惠等。

　　Companies are also encouraged to use new energy vehicles (NEVs) as shared-cars, with support given for charging facilities of NEVs.

　　同时也鼓励汽车共享公司使用新能源汽车，并在充电基础设施方面给予扶持。

　　Vocabulary:

　　parking lot / carpark 停车场

　　take advantage of 利用，采用

　　the Ministry of Transport 交通运输部

　　the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development 住房城乡建设部

　　(guarantee) deposit 押金

　　big data analysis 大数据分析

　　residential areas 居民区

　　incentive 激励，奖励措施

　　on-street parking 路内停车

　　new energy vehicle (NEV) 新能源汽车

　　charging facility 充电设施

　　（英文来源：China Daily, Gbtimes）

　　热词

　　5

　　共享单车指导意见

　　guideline for bike-sharing industry

（图片来源：中国日报）

　　The central government released a guideline on Thursday to encourage and regulate the booming bike-sharing industry, such as requiring real-name registration and barring services to children under 12.

　　中央政府8月3日发布了共享单车指导意见，以鼓励和规范当前蓬勃发展的共享单车行业，包括用户实名注册和禁止向未满12岁的儿童提供服务等内容。

　　Companies should take more responsibility for managing the industry in many ways, including being responsible for riders’ safety and for the safety of users’ personal information and deposits, said Yang Xinzheng, director of the China Urban Sustainable Transport Research Center under the China Academy of Transportation Sciences.

　　中国交通科学院下属机构——中国城市可持续交通发展研究中心的杨新政表示，共享单车企业在管理过程中应该承担多方面的责任，包括保证单车使用者安全，用户个人信息和资金安全等。

　　According to the Ministry of Transport, traffic safety regulations ban children under 12 from riding bikes on the street. Most of the companies' newly released bikes have a notice affixed about the age limit.

　　交通部指出，指导意见中的交通安全条例规定，禁止12岁以下的儿童在道路上骑共享单车。共享单车企业最新投放的大部分共享单车上都贴有限制年龄的标志。

　　To solve the parking problem, municipal governments are required to improve the bike network, setting up parking areas for bikes and carrying out severe punishment.

　　针对停车问题，指导意见提出，各城市政府要完善自行车交通网络，推进自行车停车点位设置和建设,加强对违法违规行为的监督执法。

　　Vocabulary:

　　booming 兴旺的，繁荣的；大受欢迎的

　　real-name registration 实名注册

　　Ministry of Transport 交通运输部（交通部）

　　bar v.禁止；阻拦 n.条，棒；酒吧；障碍；法庭

　　deposit 存款；订金；沉积物

　　affixed 粘贴；署名；使…附于

　　municipal 市政的，市的；地方自治的

　　（英文来源：China Daily）

　　热词

　　6

　　出国游学

　　overseas study tours

　　Summer classes, including math, English, and art are considered necessary for students, while many parents see overseas study tours as good opportunities for their children to get ahead, filling their children’s days with a wide range of programs, despite the high costs of around $4,000 to $6,000.

　　数学、英语和美术等暑期辅导班被认为是学生必不可少的暑假项目，不过还有许多家长把出国游学看作是孩子领先一步的好机会，孩子们每天都会参加各种各样的活动，而费用也高达4000-6000美元（约合人民币2.6万-4万元）。

　　A parent said she felt pressured by the current trend. “I don’t want my son to have pressure at such a young age, but if I don't do this he'll fall behind his peers,” she said. “It’s not just the students competing, but the parents too.”

　　一位家长称，目前的趋势让她倍感压力。“我也不想让儿子在这么小的年纪就有压力，但如果我不这么做，他就会被同龄人落下，”她说，“这不仅是学生之间的竞争，也是家长之间的竞争。”

　　The Ministry of Education released new restrictions on Wednesday to reduce the workload of primary and middle school students during the summer vacation. A more reasonable and meaningful summer program was encouraged, such as participating in social activities, getting close to nature, and conducting observation and inquiry-based learning, rather than all kinds of tutorial courses, said a notice.

　　教育部7月27日发布了新通知，要求减轻中小学学生暑假学业负担。通知指出，要引导学生参加更加合理和有意义的暑假活动，如参加社会实践、走进大自然、开展观察性和探究性学习等，而不是一味参加各种形式的辅导课程。

　　Vocabulary:

　　get ahead 获得成功，取得进步，走在前面

　　a wide range of 大范围的，许多各种不同的

　　fall behind 落后

　　inquiry-based learning 探究性学习

　　tutorial 辅导的；家庭教师的

　　（英文来源：China Daily）

　　编译：曼妮，陈朝明

　　审校：Janet, 阿狸

　　声明：本文为译·世界原创作品，转载或引用请注明出处。未经授权擅用将追究法律责任。